The tropical rainforest is recognized as the kingdom of plants. In view of the wide range, diversified biotope and complex natural and geographical conditions involved in the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, it is actually not easy to make a systematic inventory of plant resources in the park. In accordance with the recent monographic study of the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, it is indicated that there are 3,653 species of wild vascular plant species in the park, of which 419 species are endemic to Hainan. There are 4,579 species of wild vascular plant species in Hainan Island, of which 79.78% are vascular plants species in the park.

(I) Rare and Endangered Plants

1. Rare and Endangered Plants in Hainan Island

Needless to say, Hainan Island, as the largest tropical island in China, plays a vital role in species diversity. In accordance with the latest research results of Yang Xiaobo et al. (Yang Xiaobo et al., 2016), there are 483 endemic plants in Hainan Island, which belong to 267 genera of 93 families; there are 512 rare and endangered plants in Hainan Island, which belong to 254 genera of 83 families. The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants (2021 Edition) officially collected a total of 173 species of vascular plant species distributed in Hainan, including 11 species of national first-class key protected wild plants and 162 species of national second-class key protected wild plants. Meanwhile, there are 85 wild plant species listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, including 2 extinct (EX) species named Otophora Unilocularis and Ormosia Howii respectively, 10 critically (CR) endangered species and 18 endangered (EN) species. There are 491 species of wild plants listed in the China Species Red List, including 1 EX species named Otophora Unilocularis, 58 CR species and 124 EN species.

2. Rare and Endangered Plants in the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest

In accordance with the recent survey results, it is indicated that the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest contains 419 endemic plants in Hainan, accounting for 86.75% of the endemic plants in the whole island; the park includes 460 rare and endangered plants belonging to 231 genera of 77 families, including 11 ferns, 25 gymnosperms and 424 angiosperms, accounting for 89.84% of the rare and endangered plants on the island. In addition, there are 149 vascular plants species in the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest listed in the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants. Among them, there are 6 species of national first-class key protected wild plants, accounting for 54.55% of the province; there are 143 species of national second-class key protected wild plants, accounting for 88.27% of the province. Essentially, the establishment of the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest not only provides an ideal shelter for the vast majority of rare and endangered plants in Hainan Island but also provides excellent scientific research conditions for researchers. In recent years, with the continuous strengthening of scientific research, a wide range of brand-new species, including Carex diaoluoshanica, Aristolochia jianfenglingensis, Piper jianfenglingense, Amomum hainanense, Begonia wuzhishanensis, Terniopsis daoyinensis, Gastrochilus changjiangensis, Lily Magnolia Leechi, etc., have been successively found in the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest.

As outlined, the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest seems to be full of eternal mystery and unknown beauty. On the premise of providing effective protection for plants, it has been constantly welcoming the further exploration and discovery of human beings.